pgr_dijkstraNear - Experimental

pgr_dijkstraNear — Using dijkstra algorithm, finds the route that leads to the nearest vertex.

Warning

Possible server crash

  • These functions might create a server crash

Warning

Experimental functions

  • They are not officially of the current release.

  • They likely will not be officially be part of the next release:

    • The functions might not make use of ANY-INTEGER and ANY-NUMERICAL

    • Name might change.

    • Signature might change.

    • Functionality might change.

    • pgTap tests might be missing.

    • Might need c/c++ coding.

    • May lack documentation.

    • Documentation if any might need to be rewritten.

    • Documentation examples might need to be automatically generated.

    • Might need a lot of feedback from the comunity.

    • Might depend on a proposed function of pgRouting

    • Might depend on a deprecated function of pgRouting

_images/boost-inside.jpeg

Boost Graph Inside

Availability

  • Version 3.2.0

    • New experimental function

Description

Given a graph, a starting vertex and a set of ending vertices, this function finds the shortest path from the starting vertex to the nearest ending vertex.

Characteristics

  • Uses Dijkstra algorithm.

  • Works for directed and undirected graphs.

  • When there are more than one path to the same vertex with same cost:

    • The algorithm will return just one path

  • Optionally allows to find more than one path.

    • When more than one path is to be returned:

      • Results are sorted in increasing order of:

        • aggregate cost

        • Within the same value of aggregate costs:

          • results are sorted by (source, target)

  • Running time: Dijkstra running time: \(drt = O((|E| + |V|)log|V|)\)

    • One to Many; \(drt\)

    • Many to One: \(drt\)

    • Many to Many: \(drt * |Starting vids|\)

    • Combinations: \(drt * |Starting vids|\)

Signatures

Summary

pgr_dijkstraNear(Edges SQL, Start vid,  End vids  [, directed] [, cap])
pgr_dijkstraNear(Edges SQL, Start vids, End vid   [, directed] [, cap])
pgr_dijkstraNear(Edges SQL, Start vids, End vids  [, directed] [, cap], [global])
pgr_dijkstraNear(Edges SQL, Combinations SQL  [, directed] [, cap], [global])
RETURNS SET OF (seq, path_seq, start_vid, end_vid, node, edge, cost, agg_cost)
OR EMPTY SET

One to Many

pgr_dijkstraNear(Edges SQL, Start vid,  End vids [, directed] [, cap])
RETURNS SET OF (seq, path_seq, start_vid, end_vid, node, edge, cost, agg_cost)
OR EMPTY SET
Example

Departing on car from vertex \(2\) find the nearest subway station.

  • Using a directed graph for car routing.

  • The subway stations are on the following vertices \(\{ 3, 6, 7\}\)

  • The defaults used:

    • directed => true

    • cap => 1

 1SELECT * FROM pgr_dijkstraNear(
 2    'SELECT id, source, target, cost, reverse_cost FROM edge_table',
 3    2, ARRAY[3, 6, 7]
 4);
 5 seq | path_seq | start_vid | end_vid | node | edge | cost | agg_cost
 6-----+----------+-----------+---------+------+------+------+----------
 7   1 |        1 |         2 |       6 |    2 |    4 |    1 |        0
 8   2 |        2 |         2 |       6 |    5 |    8 |    1 |        1
 9   3 |        3 |         2 |       6 |    6 |   -1 |    0 |        2
10(3 rows)
11

The result shows that station at vertex \(6\) is the nearest.

Many to One

pgr_dijkstraNear(Edges SQL, Start vids, End vid  [, directed] [, cap])
RETURNS SET OF (seq, path_seq, start_vid, end_vid, node, edge, cost, agg_cost)
OR EMPTY SET
Example

Departing on a car from a subway station find the nearest two stations to vertex \(2\)

  • Using a directed graph for car routing.

  • The subway stations are on the following vertices \(\{ 3, 6, 7\}\)

  • On line 4: using the positional parameter: directed set to true

  • In line 5: using named parameter cap => 2

 1SELECT * FROM pgr_dijkstraNear(
 2    'SELECT id, source, target, cost, reverse_cost FROM edge_table',
 3    ARRAY[3, 6, 7], 2,
 4    true,
 5    cap => 2
 6);
 7 seq | path_seq | start_vid | end_vid | node | edge | cost | agg_cost
 8-----+----------+-----------+---------+------+------+------+----------
 9   1 |        1 |         3 |       2 |    3 |    2 |    1 |        0
10   2 |        2 |         3 |       2 |    2 |   -1 |    0 |        1
11   3 |        1 |         6 |       2 |    6 |    8 |    1 |        0
12   4 |        2 |         6 |       2 |    5 |    4 |    1 |        1
13   5 |        3 |         6 |       2 |    2 |   -1 |    0 |        2
14(5 rows)
15

The result shows that station at vertex \(3\) is the nearest and the next best is \(6\).

Many to Many

pgr_dijkstraNear(Edges SQL, Start vids, End vids [, directed] [, cap], [global])
RETURNS SET OF (seq, path_seq, start_vid, end_vid, node, edge, cost, agg_cost)
OR EMPTY SET
Example

Find the best pedestrian connection between two lines of buses

  • Unsing an undirected graph for pedestrian routing

  • The first subway line stations stops are at \(\{3, 6, 7\}\)

  • The second subway line stations are at \(\{4, 9\}\)

  • On line 4: using the named parameter: directed => false

  • The defaults used:

    • cap => 1

    • global => true

 1SELECT * FROM pgr_dijkstraNear(
 2    'SELECT id, source, target, cost, reverse_cost FROM edge_table',
 3    ARRAY[4, 9], ARRAY[3, 6, 7],
 4    directed => false
 5);
 6 seq | path_seq | start_vid | end_vid | node | edge | cost | agg_cost
 7-----+----------+-----------+---------+------+------+------+----------
 8   1 |        1 |         4 |       3 |    4 |    3 |    1 |        0
 9   2 |        2 |         4 |       3 |    3 |   -1 |    0 |        1
10(2 rows)
11

For a pedestrian the best connection is to get on/off is at vertex \(3\) of the first subway line and at vertex \(4\) of the second subway line.

Only one route is returned because global is true and cap is 1

Combinations

pgr_dijkstraNear(Edges SQL, Combinations SQL  [, directed] [, cap], [global])
RETURNS SET OF (seq, path_seq, start_vid, end_vid, node, edge, cost, agg_cost)
OR EMPTY SET
Example

Find the best car connection between all the stations of two subway lines

  • Using a directed graph for car routing.

  • The first subway line stations stops are at \(\{3, 6, 7\}\)

  • The second subway line stations are at \(\{4, 9\}\)

  • line 3 sets the start vertices to be from the fisrt subway line and the ending vertices to be from the second subway line

  • line 5 sets the start vertices to be from the first subway line and the ending vertices to be from the first subway line

  • On line 6: using the named parameter is global => false

  • The defaults used:

    • directed => true

    • cap => 1

 1SELECT * FROM pgr_dijkstraNear(
 2    'SELECT id, source, target, cost, reverse_cost FROM edge_table',
 3    'SELECT unnest(ARRAY[3, 6, 7]) as source, target FROM (SELECT unnest(ARRAY[4, 9]) AS target) a
 4    UNION
 5    SELECT unnest(ARRAY[4, 9]), target FROM (SELECT unnest(ARRAY[3, 6, 7]) AS target) b',
 6    global => false
 7);
 8 seq | path_seq | start_vid | end_vid | node | edge | cost | agg_cost
 9-----+----------+-----------+---------+------+------+------+----------
10   1 |        1 |         4 |       3 |    4 |    3 |    1 |        0
11   2 |        2 |         4 |       3 |    3 |   -1 |    0 |        1
12   3 |        1 |         6 |       9 |    6 |    9 |    1 |        0
13   4 |        2 |         6 |       9 |    9 |   -1 |    0 |        1
14   5 |        1 |         9 |       6 |    9 |    9 |    1 |        0
15   6 |        2 |         9 |       6 |    6 |   -1 |    0 |        1
16   7 |        1 |         3 |       9 |    3 |    5 |    1 |        0
17   8 |        2 |         3 |       9 |    6 |    9 |    1 |        1
18   9 |        3 |         3 |       9 |    9 |   -1 |    0 |        2
19  10 |        1 |         7 |       9 |    7 |    6 |    1 |        0
20  11 |        2 |         7 |       9 |    8 |    7 |    1 |        1
21  12 |        3 |         7 |       9 |    5 |    8 |    1 |        2
22  13 |        4 |         7 |       9 |    6 |    9 |    1 |        3
23  14 |        5 |         7 |       9 |    9 |   -1 |    0 |        4
24(14 rows)
25

From the results:

  • making a connection from the first subway line to the second:

    • \({(3 -> 9) (6 -> 9) (7 -> 9)}\) and the best one is \((6 -> 9)\) with a cost of \(1\) (lines: 12 and 13)

  • making a connection from the second subway line to the first:

    • \({(4 -> 3) (9 -> 6)}\) and both are equaly good as they have the same cost. (lines: 10 and 11 and lines: 14 and 15)

Parameters

Parameter

Type

Default

Description

Edges SQL

TEXT

Edges query as described below

Combinations SQL

TEXT

Combinations query as described below

Start vid

BIGINT

Identifier of the starting vertex of the path.

Start vids

ARRAY[BIGINT]

Array of identifiers of starting vertices.

End vid

BIGINT

Identifier of the ending vertex of the path.

End vids

ARRAY[BIGINT]

Array of identifiers of ending vertices.

directed

BOOLEAN

true

  • When true the graph is considered Directed

  • When false the graph is considered as Undirected.

cap

BIGINT

1

Find at most cap number of nearest shortest paths

global

BOOLEAN

true

  • When true: only cap limit results will be returned

  • When false: cap limit per Start vid will be returned

Inner query

Edges query

Column

Type

Default

Description

id

ANY-INTEGER

Identifier of the edge.

source

ANY-INTEGER

Identifier of the first end point vertex of the edge.

target

ANY-INTEGER

Identifier of the second end point vertex of the edge.

cost

ANY-NUMERICAL

Weight of the edge (source, target)

  • When negative: edge (source, target) does not exist, therefore it’s not part of the graph.

reverse_cost

ANY-NUMERICAL

-1

Weight of the edge (target, source),

  • When negative: edge (target, source) does not exist, therefore it’s not part of the graph.

Where:

ANY-INTEGER

SMALLINT, INTEGER, BIGINT

ANY-NUMERICAL

SMALLINT, INTEGER, BIGINT, REAL, FLOAT

Combinations query

Column

Type

Default

Description

source

ANY-INTEGER

Identifier of the first end point vertex of the edge.

target

ANY-INTEGER

Identifier of the second end point vertex of the edge.

Where:

ANY-INTEGER

SMALLINT, INTEGER, BIGINT

Return Columns

RETURNS SET OF (seq, path_seq, start_vid, end_vid, node, edge, cost, agg_cost) OR EMPTY SET

Column

Type

Description

seq

BIGINT

Sequential value starting from 1.

path_seq

BIGINT

Sequential value starting from 1 for each \((start\_vid \to end\_vid)\) path.

start_vid

BIGINT

Identifier of the starting vertex of the path.

end_vid

BIGINT

Identifier of the ending vertex of the path.

node

BIGINT

Identifier of the node at position path_seq in the \((start\_vid \to end\_vid)\) path.

edge

BIGINT

Identifier of the edge used to go from node at path_seq to the node at path_seq + 1 in the \((start\_vid \to end\_vid)\) path.

  • \(-1\) for the last node of the path.

cost

FLOAT

Cost to traverse from node using edge to the next node in the route sequence.

  • \(0\) for the last row of the path.

agg_cost

FLOAT

Total cost of traversing \((start\_vid \to node)\) section of the \((start\_vid \to end\_vid)\) path.

See Also

Indices and tables